Moolah. Dough. Money. Cash Throughout US History.
Today, making a purchase can be as simple as inserting a plastic card or typing in a few numbers into your computer. Accounting for about 30% of all transactions, cash is still king however, when it comes to making purchases. Debit, credit and electronic transfers continue to grow but good old cash is still popular, especially when it comes to purchases under $10.
The history of cash in the world is a long one, going back to 2227 BC. The Babylonians are credited with creating the first guidelines for money, based on the weight of items as diverse as barley to gold. These were the first “sheckels”.
In the United States, the history of currency is actually slightly longer than the country itself. The first $2 notes, called “Continentals” were issued on June 25, 1776. These were actually “notes of credit” and the use of money in America was underway. Prior to the Revolution, a mix of French, Spanish and English currency was used.
The first official bank in the United States ws the Bank of North America, chartered in Philadelphia in 1781. It would be over a decade later when the United States Dollar was created as the unit for American cash in 1792. The first American coins were struck in 1793.
It was during the Civil War when the U.S. first issued paper money in the form of non-interest bearing Treasury Notes. These were called Demand Notes. United States Notes quickly replaced Demand Notes and because of their green tint, were nicknamed “greenbacks”. United States Notes remained part of U.S. currency until 1971.
In the second half of the 1800’s gold and silver certificates were issued and backed by precious metals. Gold certificates existed until the Great Depression in 1933 and silver certificates were backed by silver until 1957.
The Federal Reserve Act was created in 1913, with the issuance of Federal Reserve Notes to stabilize the economy. Today, these notes account for 99% of currency in circulation.
It wasn’t until 1957 that the words “In God We Trust” first appeared on paper currency. In 1994 paper currency began undergoing major design changes in the United States. Changes started with large denomination bills and by the year 2000, $5 and $10 bills were redesigned.
While fewer paper currency transactions may be taking place today, transactions in the United States are still based in “dollars”.
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